{"id":93,"date":"2026-04-06T01:46:59","date_gmt":"2026-04-06T01:46:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.go-notes.com\/vn\/maintaining-uml-class-diagrams-over-time-practical-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-04-06T01:46:59","modified_gmt":"2026-04-06T01:46:59","slug":"maintaining-uml-class-diagrams-over-time-practical-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.go-notes.com\/vn\/maintaining-uml-class-diagrams-over-time-practical-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Duy tr\u00ec s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp UML theo th\u1eddi gian: M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ebfm khi l\u00e0 t\u0129nh. Khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai, v\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u0169 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 so v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp UML ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp lu\u00f4n li\u00ean quan, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00ednh h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qu\u00ean s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh di t\u00edch. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f3i quen v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

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\"Marker-style<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

\ud83d\udcc9 Chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi<\/h2>\n

Khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi m\u00e3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0s\u1ef1 m\u1ee5c n\u00e1t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/strong>. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i nh\u1ecf; n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i chi ph\u00ed th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

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  • \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ban \u0111\u1ea7u sai h\u01b0\u1edbng:<\/strong> C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u1ebfu s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian \u0111i v\u00e0o ng\u00f5 c\u1ee5t.<\/li>\n
  • R\u1ee7i ro t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/strong> C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do d\u1ef1 khi t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n
  • S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1 trong giao ti\u1ebfp:<\/strong> Trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0, nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef chung. N\u1ebfu ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
  • T\u00edch l\u0169y n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt:<\/strong> B\u1ecf qua vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u1ee3. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 chi ph\u00ed duy tr\u00ec n\u00f3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0li\u1ec7u<\/em>m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i hay kh\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/em>ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

    \u2699\ufe0f C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n

    C\u00f3 hai tri\u1ebft l\u00fd ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p cho \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a theo h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n<\/h3>\n

    Trong c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra ho\u1eb7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

      \n
    • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 sai n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/li>\n
    • Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c:<\/strong>M\u1ea5t \u0111i \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb chi ti\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai thay v\u00ec c\u00e1c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/em>tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/em> tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i.<\/li>\n
    • Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u01a1i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c giao h\u00e0ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h3>\n

      \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi vi\u1ebft m\u00e3. M\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

        \n
      • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/strong>\u00dd \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. B\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tri\u1ec3n khai. D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1eeb s\u1edbm.<\/li>\n
      • Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c:<\/strong>Chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec cao. N\u1ebfu m\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1eddi n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u00e3.<\/li>\n
      • Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi:<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh b\u1ecb qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u01a1i s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/h3>\n

        Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Chi ti\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo th\u1eddi gian, ch\u1ec9 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 khi giao di\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng khai ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

        \ud83d\udcc2 Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u1ef1c quan<\/h2>\n

        Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ea5p cao. Xem s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong kho m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n

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        • L\u01b0u s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u00e3:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean v\u0103n b\u1ea3n (nh\u01b0 XMI ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean DSL) thay v\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n
        • Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p ghi l\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong>Khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p ghi l\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00ean gi\u1ea3i th\u00edcht\u1ea1i sao<\/em>thay \u0111\u1ed5i x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00f3 l\u1edbp m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng? M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng? B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/li>\n
        • Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e1nh:<\/strong>Xem x\u00e9t nh\u00e1nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh t\u00ednh n\u0103ng. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh t\u00ednh n\u0103ng mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, nh\u00e1nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
        • Quy tr\u00ecnh xem x\u00e9t:<\/strong>C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t (pull requests) n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xem x\u00e9t m\u00e3 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi:Khi n\u00e0o m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y thay \u0111\u1ed5i?<\/em>V\u1edbi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

          \ud83c\udfaf X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi<\/h2>\n

          M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi. M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ecdi l\u1edbp trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1edbn s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

            \n
          • T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ranh gi\u1edbi:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5p cao. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 trong c\u00e1c ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n
          • \u1ea8n chi ti\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai:<\/strong>Kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ri\u00eang t\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 tr\u1eeb khi ch\u00fang quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eabu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o giao di\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7.<\/li>\n
          • M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft. M\u1ee9c 1 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c g\u00f3i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u00ednh. M\u1ee9c 2 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c cho c\u00e1c l\u1edbp quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ee9c 3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb logic tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 cho c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/li>\n
          • Chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh m\u00f4-\u0111un:<\/strong>Chia s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbn th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 con nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. Li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u00fang v\u1edbi nhau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd thay v\u00ec nh\u1ed3i nh\u00e9t m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng v\u1ebd duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u1ea1m vi, b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u1ecf, t\u1eadp trung s\u1ebd \u00edt t\u1ed1n c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n t\u1ed5ng quan kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

            \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f V\u00f2ng ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m<\/h2>\n

            Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 s\u1edf h\u1eefu. N\u1ebfu ai c\u0169ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng ai ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3m tra r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            K\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ki\u1ec3m tra<\/th>\nT\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t<\/th>\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
            Ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh<\/td>\nM\u1ed7i Sprint\/Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n<\/td>\nKi\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            Phi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/td>\nTheo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/td>\nL\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 qu\u00fd<\/td>\nM\u1ed7i 3 th\u00e1ng<\/td>\nTr\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u00f3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            Ki\u1ec3m tra khi gia nh\u1eadp<\/td>\nM\u1ed7i nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean m\u1edbi<\/td>\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra theo l\u1ecbch, h\u00e3y t\u00edch h\u1ee3p vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0o Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. M\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u00e9o (pull request) kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh n\u1ebfu thay \u0111\u1ed5i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

              \n
            • Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>N\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, h\u00e3y \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o trong lu\u1ed3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng (build pipeline).<\/li>\n
            • Xem x\u00e9t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf:<\/strong>Bao g\u1ed3m c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp xem x\u00e9t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n
            • Ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u:<\/strong>Giao tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1edf h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n M\u00f4-\u0111un Thanh to\u00e1n<\/em>l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \ud83e\uddf9 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/h2>\n

              Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eabn s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch. Khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, r\u1ea5t tempting \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ebd l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng mang l\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

              Ghi ch\u00fa thay v\u00ec v\u1ebd l\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n

              N\u1ebfu c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0ng chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ghi ch\u00fa. Th\u00eam nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 \u0110\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/em>, S\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/em>, ho\u1eb7c Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/em>.<\/p>\n

                \n
              • Nh\u00e3n phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong>Th\u00eam nh\u00e3n phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u00e0o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: v1.2). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tham chi\u1ebfu tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khi h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i.<\/li>\n
              • S\u1ed5 nh\u1eadt k\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong>Duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p nh\u1eadt k\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c nh\u00fang l\u1ecbch s\u1eed thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u1ef1c quan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                Ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ebd l\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n

                Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh khi n\u00e0o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa. N\u1ebfu h\u01a1n 30% c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng do c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edch t\u1ee5, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • \u0110\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf ban \u0111\u1ea7u:<\/strong>T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee5p c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ea1ch cho l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
                • Chuy\u1ec3n giao h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di d\u1eddi, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/em>kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u0169. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 di d\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  \ud83d\udcca C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/h2>\n

                  L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng? S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9:<\/strong> Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n
                  • \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt:<\/strong> Th\u1eddi gian trung b\u00ecnh gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n
                  • T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong> S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy c\u1eadp bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n? T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/li>\n
                  • Ph\u1ea1m vi ki\u1ec3m tra:<\/strong> Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u00e9o (pull requests) n\u00e0o bao g\u1ed3m c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    \ud83d\udea7 Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n

                    Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1eafc b\u1eaby khi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • Qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf:<\/strong> T\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 qu\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u. H\u00e3y gi\u1eef cho ch\u00fang \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh nh\u01b0ng khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i.<\/li>\n
                    • T\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t:<\/strong> L\u01b0u tr\u1eef s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 trong m\u1ed9t wiki ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
                    • Qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ef1c quan:<\/strong> C\u1ed1 g\u1eafng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ecdi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7. H\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap hi\u1ec3u lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n
                    • Xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u0129nh:<\/strong> Xu\u1ea5t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 nh\u00fang v\u00e0o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u0129nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. H\u00e3y gi\u1eef c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ec5 truy c\u1eadp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      \ud83d\udca1 Nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng<\/h2>\n

                      Vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp UML kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft chung v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi cam k\u1ebft coi t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. Khi b\u1ea1n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp, b\u1ea1n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3. Khi b\u1ea1n t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ed9t module, b\u1ea1n v\u1ebd l\u1ea1i ranh gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

                      S\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m quen v\u00e0 t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng nhau trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n theo nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1eabn l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 thay v\u00ec g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n

                      B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ecf. Ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t module. C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u01b0a vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Theo th\u1eddi gian, th\u00f3i quen n\u00e0y s\u1ebd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 tin cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                      Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m hi\u1ebfm khi l\u00e0 t\u0129nh. Khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai, v\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u0169 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":94,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"Duy tr\u00ec s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp UML theo th\u1eddi gian: M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch duy tr\u00ec s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp UML ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch. C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.","inline_featured_image":false,"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[5,7],"class_list":["post-93","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uml","tag-academic","tag-class-diagram"],"yoast_head":"\nDuy tr\u00ec s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp UML theo th\u1eddi gian: M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch duy tr\u00ec s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp UML ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch. 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