{"id":91,"date":"2026-04-07T02:58:31","date_gmt":"2026-04-07T02:58:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.go-notes.com\/tw\/uml-class-diagram-overview\/"},"modified":"2026-04-07T02:58:31","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T02:58:31","slug":"uml-class-diagram-overview","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.go-notes.com\/tw\/uml-class-diagram-overview\/","title":{"rendered":"UML\u985e\u5716\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\u6982\u8ff0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u8edf\u9ad4\u5de5\u7a0b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8cf4\u53ef\u8996\u5316\u4f86\u50b3\u9054\u8907\u96dc\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002\u5728\u5404\u7a2e\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5efa\u6a21\u5de5\u5177\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d71\u4e00\u5efa\u6a21\u8a9e\u8a00\uff08UML\uff09\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u696d\u754c\u6a19\u6e96\u3002\u7279\u5225\u662f\uff0cUML\u985e\u5716\u662f\u7269\u4ef6\u5c0e\u5411\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u85cd\u5716\u3002\u5b83\u6355\u6349\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u975c\u614b\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u8cc7\u6599\u8207\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u672c\u6307\u5357\u63a2\u8a0e\u985e\u5716\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u3001\u8a9e\u6cd5\u8207\u6230\u7565\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u7279\u5b9a\u8edf\u9ad4\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u5716\u8868\u5c0d\u67b6\u69cb\u5e2b\u3001\u958b\u767c\u4eba\u54e1\u548c\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u95dc\u8005\u800c\u8a00\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u5171\u901a\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u53ef\u6e1b\u5c11\u958b\u767c\u9031\u671f\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u6027\u3002\u5728\u64b0\u5beb\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u7e6a\u88fd\u985e\u5225\u3001\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5718\u968a\u80fd\u53ca\u65e9\u767c\u73fe\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u672c\u6587\u6a94\u53ef\u4f5c\u70ba\u638c\u63e1\u8edf\u9ad4\u67b6\u69cb\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u8868\u793a\u7684\u5168\u9762\u53c3\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img alt=\"Whimsical educational infographic explaining UML class diagrams: shows anatomy of a class with three compartments (name, attributes, operations), six relationship types with notation symbols (association, aggregation, composition, generalization, dependency, realization), multiplicity notations (1, 0..1, 1..*, 0..*), and best practices for object-oriented software design, presented in playful pastel hand-drawn style for developers and students\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.go-notes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/uml-class-diagrams-whimsical-infographic-guide.jpg\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2>\ud83d\udcd0 \u4ec0\u9ebc\u662fUML\u985e\u5716\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>UML\u985e\u5716\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u975c\u614b\u7d50\u69cb\u5716\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u5c55\u793a\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u985e\u5225\u3001\u5c6c\u6027\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7269\u4ef6\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u8207\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u6642\u9593\u52d5\u614b\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5716\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u985e\u5716\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u540d\u8a5e\u5c0e\u5411\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u5fb5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u975c\u614b\u8996\u5716\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u7cfb\u7d71\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u6642\u523b\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7269\u4ef6\u5c0e\u5411\u5c0e\u5411\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b83\u5c08\u70ba\u7269\u4ef6\u5c0e\u5411\u8a9e\u8a00\uff08\u5982 Java\u3001C++ \u548c Python\uff09\u800c\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u62bd\u8c61\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b83\u5141\u8a31\u5718\u968a\u540c\u6642\u5efa\u6a21\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u8207\u5177\u9ad4\u5be6\u4f5c\u7d30\u7bc0\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6587\u4ef6\u5316\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b83\u4f5c\u70ba\u6703\u96a8\u8457\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u5eab\u6f14\u9032\u7684\u6d3b\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u8a2d\u8a08\u7cfb\u7d71\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5716\u8868\u53ef\u4f5c\u70ba\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u6a21\u5f0f\u8207\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u4e2d\u7684\u985e\u5225\u5c64\u6b21\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u78ba\u4fdd\u908f\u8f2f\u8a2d\u8a08\u8207\u5be6\u969b\u5be6\u4f5c\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\ud83e\uddf1 \u985e\u7684\u7d50\u69cb<\/h2>\n<p>\u6bcf\u500b\u985e\u5716\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u985e\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u5728UML\u7b26\u865f\u4e2d\uff0c\u985e\u4ee5\u4e00\u500b\u88ab\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u500b\u5340\u6bb5\u7684\u77e9\u5f62\u4f86\u8868\u793a\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u5340\u6bb5\u5728\u5b9a\u7fa9\u5be6\u9ad4\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u8207\u884c\u70ba\u6642\uff0c\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u7368\u7279\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u985e\u540d\u5340\u6bb5<\/h3>\n<p>\u9802\u90e8\u5340\u6bb5\u5305\u542b\u985e\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u3002\u547d\u540d\u6163\u4f8b\u5728\u6b64\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u540d\u7a31\u61c9\u70ba\u540d\u8a5e\u4e26\u4ee5\u5927\u5beb\u5b57\u6bcd\u958b\u982d\uff08\u99dd\u5cf0\u5f0f\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>\u5ba2\u6236<\/code>, <code>\u8a02\u55ae<\/code>\uff0c\u6216<code>\u4ed8\u6b3e\u8655\u7406\u5668<\/code>\u3002\u6b64\u5340\u6bb5\u7528\u4f86\u8b58\u5225\u6240\u5efa\u6a21\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u985e\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2. \u5c6c\u6027\u5340\u6bb5<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e2d\u9593\u5340\u6bb5\u5217\u51fa\u985e\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u6216\u8cc7\u6599\u6210\u54e1\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u4ee3\u8868\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u5c6c\u6027\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u53ef\u898b\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u7528\u7b26\u865f\u8868\u793a\u5b58\u53d6\u5c64\u7d1a\uff08+\u3001-\u3001#\u3001~\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u540d\u7a31\uff1a<\/strong> \u8fa8\u5225\u540d\uff08\u99dd\u5cf0\u5f0f\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u985e\u578b\uff1a<\/strong> \u8cc7\u6599\u985e\u578b\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5b57\u4e32\u3001\u6574\u6578\u3001\u5e03\u6797\u503c\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9810\u8a2d\u503c\uff1a<\/strong> \u53ef\u9078\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code>active = true<\/code>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3. \u64cd\u4f5c\u5340\u6bb5<\/h3>\n<p>\u5e95\u90e8\u5340\u6bb5\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u985e\u5225\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u8207\u5c6c\u6027\u985e\u4f3c\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5305\u542b\u53ef\u898b\u6027\u3001\u540d\u7a31\u3001\u53c3\u6578\u548c\u50b3\u56de\u985e\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>+ calculateTotal(): Decimal<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u70ba\u6a19\u6e96\u985e\u5225\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u5448\u73fe\uff1a<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u5340\u6bb5<\/th>\n<th>\u5167\u5bb9<\/th>\n<th>\u7bc4\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u540d\u7a31<\/td>\n<td>\u985e\u5225\u8b58\u5225\u7b26<\/td>\n<td><code>\u9280\u884c\u5e33\u6236<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5c6c\u6027<\/td>\n<td>\u8cc7\u6599\u5c6c\u6027<\/td>\n<td><code>+ balance: Decimal<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u64cd\u4f5c<\/td>\n<td>\u65b9\u6cd5\/\u884c\u70ba<\/td>\n<td><code>+ deposit(amount: Decimal)<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\ud83d\udd17 \u7406\u89e3\u95dc\u4fc2<\/h2>\n<p>\u985e\u5225\u5f88\u5c11\u5b64\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e92\u52d5\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u6574\u5408\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002UML \u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u95dc\u4fc2\u985e\u578b\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u9019\u4e9b\u4e92\u52d5\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7d30\u5fae\u5dee\u5225\u5c0d\u65bc\u6e96\u78ba\u5efa\u6a21\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u95dc\u806f<\/h3>\n<p>\u95dc\u806f\u4ee3\u8868\u5169\u500b\u985e\u5225\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5b83\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u7269\u4ef6\u8207\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u7269\u4ef6\u76f8\u9023\u3002\u9019\u662f\u6700\u901a\u7528\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u65b9\u5411\uff1a<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u55ae\u5411\uff08\u7bad\u982d\uff09\u6216\u96d9\u5411\uff08\u7dda\u689d\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u89d2\u8272\u540d\u7a31\uff1a<\/strong>\u5f9e\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u63cf\u8ff0\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u591a\u91cd\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b9a\u7fa9\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u500b\u5be6\u4f8b\u53c3\u8207\u6b64\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u500b<code>\u5b78\u751f<\/code>\u8a3b\u518a\u4e86\u4e00\u9580<code>\u8ab2\u7a0b<\/code>\u3002\u6b64\u95dc\u806f\u8868\u793a\u5b78\u751f\u7269\u4ef6\u6301\u6709\u5c0d\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u53c3\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2. \u805a\u5408<\/h3>\n<p>\u805a\u5408\u662f\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u6b8a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u6574\u9ad4\u8207\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u7368\u7acb\u65bc\u6574\u9ad4\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba\u300c\u64c1\u6709\u300d\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7b26\u865f\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u7dda\u689d\u7684\u300c\u6574\u9ad4\u300d\u7aef\u653e\u7f6e\u4e00\u500b\u7a7a\u5fc3\u83f1\u5f62\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\uff1a<\/strong> \u5982\u679c\u6574\u9ad4\u88ab\u92b7\u6bc0\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u4ecd\u6703\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8003\u616e\u4e00\u500b<code>\u7cfb<\/code>\u8207<code>\u6559\u6388<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8a72\u7cfb\u88ab\u89e3\u6563\uff0c\u6559\u6388\u4ecd\u7136\u4f5c\u70ba\u500b\u4eba\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u6559\u6388\u88ab\u8a72\u7cfb\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u4f46\u4e26\u975e\u50c5\u5c6c\u65bc\u8a72\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3. \u7d44\u5408<\/h3>\n<p>\u7d44\u5408\u662f\u805a\u5408\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u66f4\u5f37\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u6697\u793a\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\u8207\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6027\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u7121\u6cd5\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7b26\u865f\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u300c\u6574\u9ad4\u300d\u7aef\u653e\u7f6e\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u5fc3\u83f1\u5f62\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\uff1a<\/strong> \u5982\u679c\u6574\u9ad4\u88ab\u92b7\u6bc0\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u4e5f\u6703\u4e00\u540c\u88ab\u92b7\u6bc0\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5c08\u5c6c\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u500b\u90e8\u5206\u901a\u5e38\u50c5\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u6574\u9ad4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e00\u500b\u7d93\u5178\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f<code>\u623f\u5c4b<\/code> \u548c <code>\u623f\u9593<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u623f\u5b50\u88ab\u62c6\u9664\uff0c\u623f\u9593\u5728\u8a72\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u623f\u9593\u662f\u7531\u623f\u5b50\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>4. \u4e00\u822c\u5316\uff08\u7e7c\u627f\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u4ee3\u8868\u7e7c\u627f\u5c64\u6b21\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8a31\u5b50\u985e\u5225\u7e7c\u627f\u8d85\u985e\u5225\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u9019\u4fc3\u9032\u4e86\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u91cd\u7528\u548c\u591a\u578b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7b26\u865f\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u689d\u5be6\u7dda\uff0c\u642d\u914d\u4e00\u500b\u7a7a\u5fc3\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u7bad\u982d\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u8d85\u985e\u5225\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u662f-\u4e00\u7a2e\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b50\u985e\u5225\u662f\u8d85\u985e\u5225\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u985e\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u500b<code>\u5132\u84c4\u5e33\u6236<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e <code>\u9280\u884c\u5e33\u6236<\/code>\u3002\u5132\u84c4\u5e33\u6236\u7e7c\u627f\u9918\u984d\u548c\u5e33\u6236\u540d\u7a31\u5c6c\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5229\u606f\u8a08\u7b97\u908f\u8f2f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>5. \u4f9d\u8cf4<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f9d\u8cf4\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u7a2e\u4f7f\u7528\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7368\u7acb\u5143\u7d20\u898f\u683c\u7684\u8b8a\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u4f9d\u8cf4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8b8a\u66f4\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u66ab\u6642\u6027\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7b26\u865f\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u689d\u865b\u7dda\u642d\u914d\u4e00\u500b\u958b\u653e\u7bad\u982d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u5883\uff1a<\/strong> \u7576\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5c07\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u4f5c\u70ba\u53c3\u6578\u4f7f\u7528\u6642\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u6703\u767c\u751f\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u500b<code>\u5831\u8868\u7522\u751f\u5668<\/code> \u985e\u5225\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u500b<code>\u8cc7\u6599\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5668<\/code> \u985e\u5225\u4f86\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8f38\u51fa\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u5668\u5c31\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5668\u3002\u5982\u679c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5668\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8abf\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>6. \u5be6\u4f5c\uff08\u4ecb\u9762\u5be6\u4f5c\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>\u5be6\u4f5c\u5c07\u985e\u5225\u8207\u4ecb\u9762\u9023\u63a5\u8d77\u4f86\u3002\u5b83\u8868\u793a\u8a72\u985e\u5225\u4fdd\u8b49\u6703\u5be6\u4f5c\u4ecb\u9762\u6240\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7b26\u865f\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u689d\u865b\u7dda\u642d\u914d\u4e00\u500b\u7a7a\u5fc3\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u7bad\u982d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5408\u7d04\uff1a<\/strong> \u8a72\u985e\u9075\u5faa\u4ecb\u9762\u5408\u7d04\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u500b<code>\u52d5\u7269<\/code>\u4ecb\u9762\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86<code>makeSound()<\/code>\uff0c\u4e00\u500b<code>\u72d7<\/code>\u5be6\u4f5c\u6b64\u4ecb\u9762\u7684\u985e\u5225\u5fc5\u9808\u5be6\u4f5c<code>makeSound()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\ud83d\udccf \u591a\u91cd\u6027\u8207\u57fa\u6578<\/h2>\n<p>\u591a\u91cd\u6027\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u5be6\u4f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8207\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u5be6\u4f8b\u76f8\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u3002\u5b83\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u95dc\u806f\u7dda\u7684\u5169\u7aef\u3002\u6e96\u78ba\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u6027\u53ef\u9632\u6b62\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e2d\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u6027\u7b26\u865f\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>1:<\/strong>\u6070\u597d\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>0..1:<\/strong>\u96f6\u500b\u6216\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u4f8b\uff08\u53ef\u9078\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>1..*:<\/strong>\u4e00\u500b\u6216\u591a\u500b\u5be6\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>0..*:<\/strong>\u96f6\u500b\u6216\u591a\u500b\u5be6\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>1..3:<\/strong>\u4ecb\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u5230\u4e09\u500b\u5be6\u4f8b\u4e4b\u9593\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u7d04\u675f\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u7d50\u69cb\u8a2d\u8a08\u8207\u9a57\u8b49\u908f\u8f2f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u500b<code>\u8a02\u55ae<\/code>\u5fc5\u9808\u81f3\u5c11\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u500b<code>\u9805\u76ee<\/code>\uff081..*\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u500b<code>\u5ba2\u6236<\/code>\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u96f6\u500b<code>\u8a02\u55ae<\/code> (0..*\uff09\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u898f\u5247\u5c0d\u65bc\u7dad\u8b77\u8cc7\u6599\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\ud83d\udee0\ufe0f \u8a2d\u8a08\u539f\u5247\u8207\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u52d9<\/h2>\n<p>\u5efa\u7acb\u985e\u5225\u5716\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u756b\u65b9\u6846\u548c\u7dda\u689d\u3002\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u9075\u5faa\u7a69\u5065\u7684\u8edf\u9ad4\u5de5\u7a0b\u539f\u5247\u3002\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e0d\u826f\u7684\u5716\u8868\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u7cfb\u7d71\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e0d\u826f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u9ad8\u5167\u805a<\/h3>\n<p>\u5c07\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u540c\u6642\u8655\u7406\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u9023\u63a5\u3001\u96fb\u5b50\u90f5\u4ef6\u767c\u9001\u548cUI\u6e32\u67d3\uff0c\u5c31\u9055\u53cd\u4e86\u5167\u805a\u6027\u3002\u61c9\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u95dc\u6ce8\u9ede\u62c6\u5206\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u985e\u5225\u4e2d\u3002\u9ad8\u5167\u805a\u6027\u4f7f\u985e\u5225\u66f4\u6613\u65bc\u7406\u89e3\u8207\u7dad\u8b77\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2. \u4f4e\u8026\u5408<\/h3>\n<p>\u76e1\u91cf\u6e1b\u5c11\u985e\u5225\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4f9d\u8cf4\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5982\u679c\u985e\u5225A\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u985e\u5225B\u4e0d\u61c9\u5fc5\u7136\u5931\u6548\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ecb\u9762\u6216\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6ce8\u5165\u4f86\u964d\u4f4e\u7dca\u5bc6\u8026\u5408\u3002\u9019\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7d71\u66f4\u5177\u5f48\u6027\u4e14\u66f4\u6613\u65bc\u6e2c\u8a66\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3. \u55ae\u4e00\u8cac\u4efb\u539f\u5247<\/h3>\n<p>\u6bcf\u500b\u985e\u5225\u90fd\u61c9\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u8b8a\u66f4\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002\u9019\u8207\u5167\u805a\u6027\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u4e00\u500b<code>\u4f7f\u7528\u8005<\/code>\u985e\u5225\u61c9\u8ca0\u8cac\u7ba1\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8655\u7406\u767b\u5165\u9a57\u8b49\u908f\u8f2f\u3002\u95dc\u6ce8\u9ede\u5206\u96e2\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u6e05\u6670\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>4. \u547d\u540d\u6163\u4f8b<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u547d\u540d\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e\u8a8d\u77e5\u8ca0\u8377\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u9818\u57df\u8a9e\u8a00\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528<code>\u5be6\u9ad41<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u4f7f\u7528<code>\u767c\u7968<\/code>\u3002\u9664\u975e\u662f\u696d\u754c\u6a19\u6e96\u7e2e\u5beb\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u61c9\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u7e2e\u5beb\u3002\u540d\u7a31\u61c9\u5177\u5099\u81ea\u89e3\u91cb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>5. \u62bd\u8c61\u5c64\u7d1a<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u5927\u578b\u5716\u8868\u4e2d\u5efa\u6a21\u6bcf\u500b\u6b04\u4f4d\u3002\u61c9\u70ba\u4e0d\u540c\u53d7\u773e\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8996\u5716\u3002\u9ad8\u968e\u67b6\u69cb\u5716\u61c9\u986f\u793a\u4e3b\u8981\u7d44\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u8a73\u7d30\u8a2d\u8a08\u5716\u5247\u61c9\u986f\u793a\u7279\u5b9a\u5c6c\u6027\u3002\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7d30\u7bc0\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\ud83d\udeab \u61c9\u907f\u514d\u7684\u5e38\u898b\u9677\u9631<\/h2>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u7d93\u9a57\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u5e2b\u5728\u5efa\u6a21\u7cfb\u7d71\u6642\u4e5f\u6703\u72af\u932f\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u5e38\u898b\u932f\u8aa4\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u512a\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u904e\u5ea6\u5efa\u6a21\uff1a<\/strong> \u8a66\u5716\u6620\u5c04\u6bcf\u500b\u5c6c\u6027\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u6df7\u4e82\u3002\u61c9\u9996\u5148\u805a\u7126\u65bc\u9818\u57df\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6df7\u6dc6\u805a\u5408\u8207\u7d44\u5408\uff1a<\/strong> \u9019\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u8acb\u8a18\u4f4f\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\u6e2c\u8a66\u3002\u5982\u679c\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u6574\u9ad4\u6d88\u4ea1\u5f8c\u4ecd\u80fd\u5b58\u6d3b\uff0c\u5247\u70ba\u805a\u5408\uff1b\u5426\u5247\u70ba\u7d44\u5408\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5ffd\u7565\u53ef\u898b\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> Public\u3001private \u548c protected \u4fee\u98fe\u7b26\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u985e\u5225\u8207\u7cfb\u7d71\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5ffd\u7565\u5b83\u5011\u6703\u96b1\u85cf\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u7d04\u675f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5faa\u74b0\u4f9d\u8cf4\uff1a<\/strong> \u5982\u679c\u985e\u5225A\u4f9d\u8cf4\u985e\u5225B\uff0c\u800c\u985e\u5225B\u53c8\u4f9d\u8cf4\u985e\u5225A\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u5faa\u74b0\uff0c\u4f7f\u8f09\u5165\u8207\u57f7\u884c\u8b8a\u5f97\u8907\u96dc\u3002\u53ef\u900f\u904e\u4ecb\u9762\u6216\u62bd\u8c61\u5de5\u5ee0\u4f86\u6253\u7834\u5faa\u74b0\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5ffd\u7565\u975c\u614b\u6210\u54e1\uff1a<\/strong>\u975c\u614b\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5c6c\u6027\u5c6c\u65bc\u985e\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5be6\u4f8b\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u61c9\u660e\u78ba\u6a19\u8a18\uff08\u5728\u5716\u8868\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u5e95\u7dda\u6a19\u793a\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u5340\u5206\u65bc\u5be6\u4f8b\u6210\u54e1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\ud83d\udcc8 \u6218\u7565\u6027\u5e94\u7528<\/h2>\n<p>\u985e\u5716\u5728\u8edf\u9ad4\u958b\u767c\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u968e\u6bb5\u4f7f\u7528\u6642\u6700\u70ba\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u9700\u6c42\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u5206\u6790\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u5716\u8868\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u95dc\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u9818\u57df\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u78ba\u8a8d\u5718\u968a\u7406\u89e3\u5be6\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u696d\u52d9\u898f\u5247\u3002\u9019\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5f8c\u7e8c\u7522\u751f\u6602\u8cb4\u7684\u8fd4\u5de5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2. \u7cfb\u7d71\u8a2d\u8a08<\/h3>\n<p>\u67b6\u69cb\u5e2b\u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u5716\u8868\u4f86\u898f\u5283\u7cfb\u7d71\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7e7c\u627f\u5c64\u6b21\u8207\u4ecb\u9762\u5408\u7d04\u3002\u6b64\u968e\u6bb5\u70ba\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u7d50\u69cb\u5960\u5b9a\u57fa\u790e\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3. 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