{"id":400,"date":"2026-04-01T13:46:26","date_gmt":"2026-04-01T13:46:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.go-notes.com\/tw\/optimizing-database-schemas-uml-class-diagrams\/"},"modified":"2026-04-01T13:46:26","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T13:46:26","slug":"optimizing-database-schemas-uml-class-diagrams","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.go-notes.com\/tw\/optimizing-database-schemas-uml-class-diagrams\/","title":{"rendered":"\u501f\u52a9 UML \u985e\u5225\u5716\u512a\u5316\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u7d50\u69cb"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8a2d\u8a08\u5805\u56fa\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u57fa\u790e\u67b6\u69cb\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u4efb\u4f55\u8edf\u9ad4\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u9577\u671f\u904b\u4f5c\u8207\u6548\u80fd\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u7576\u8cc7\u6599\u7d50\u69cb\u898f\u5283\u4e0d\u7576\u6642\uff0c\u7dad\u8b77\u6210\u672c\u6703\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u67e5\u8a62\u901f\u5ea6\u6703\u8b8a\u6162\uff0c\u7cfb\u7d71\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u4e5f\u6703\u53d7\u640d\u3002\u56b4\u8b39\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5efa\u6a21\u65b9\u6cd5\u59cb\u65bc\u64b0\u5beb\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u884c SQL \u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\u672c\u6307\u5357\u63a2\u8a0e\u5982\u4f55\u904b\u7528\u7d71\u4e00\u5efa\u6a21\u8a9e\u8a00\uff08UML\uff09\u985e\u5225\u5716\u4f86\u7c21\u5316\u512a\u5316\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u900f\u904e\u5c07\u7269\u4ef6\u5c0e\u5411\u8a2d\u8a08\u8f49\u63db\u70ba\u95dc\u806f\u5f0f\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u4eba\u54e1\u53ef\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u6e05\u6670\u5ea6\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u8207\u53ef\u64f4\u5c55\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\"\u53ef\u611b\u5361\u54c7\u4f0a\u98a8\u683c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5716\uff0c\u8aaa\u660e<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

\u70ba\u4f55\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u5efa\u6a21\u5c0d\u8cc7\u6599\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981 \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n

\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u662f\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u8a2d\u8a08\u662f\u85cd\u5716\u3002\u82e5\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8cc7\u6599\u5be6\u9ad4\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u5448\u73fe\uff0c\u5718\u968a\u5f80\u5f80\u4f9d\u8cf4\u5fc3\u667a\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u96a8\u8457\u5c08\u6848\u6210\u9577\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u5bb9\u6613\u7522\u751f\u5206\u6b67\u3002UML \u985e\u5225\u5716\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u8a18\u9304\u7cfb\u7d71\u67b6\u69cb\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u8feb\u4f7f\u958b\u767c\u5718\u968a\u5728\u958b\u767c\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u5c31\u8003\u616e\u5c6c\u6027\u3001\u95dc\u806f\u8207\u9650\u5236\u689d\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u6e05\u6670\u5ea6\uff1a<\/strong>\u5229\u5bb3\u95dc\u4fc2\u4eba\u7121\u9700\u95b1\u8b80\u6280\u8853\u898f\u683c\u5373\u53ef\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u8cc7\u6599\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u6e9d\u901a\uff1a<\/strong>\u958b\u767c\u4eba\u54e1\u3001\u8a2d\u8a08\u5e2b\u8207\u696d\u52d9\u5206\u6790\u5e2b\u64c1\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u8a5e\u5f59\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u5f37\u5236\u6574\u500b\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u9075\u5faa\u547d\u540d\u6163\u4f8b\u8207\u7d50\u69cb\u898f\u5247\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f5c\u70ba\u96a8\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u5eab\u6f14\u9032\u7684\u52d5\u614b\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u7576\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u7d50\u69cb\u512a\u5316\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5716\u8868\u6210\u70ba\u62bd\u8c61\u9700\u6c42\u8207\u5177\u9ad4\u5132\u5b58\u6a5f\u5236\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6a4b\u6a11\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u5728\u5be6\u65bd\u524d\u8b58\u5225\u5197\u9918\u8cc7\u6599\u3001\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\u95dc\u806f\u4ee5\u53ca\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u74f6\u9838\u3002<\/p>\n

    UML \u985e\u5225\u5716\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5143\u4ef6 \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

    \u8981\u6709\u6548\u5c07 UML \u5716\u8868\u8f49\u63db\u70ba\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u7406\u89e3\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5728\u7269\u4ef6\u5c0e\u5411\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e2d\uff0c\u985e\u5225\u5c0d\u61c9\u65bc\u95dc\u806f\u5f0f\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u4e2d\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b64\u6620\u5c04\u9700\u8981\u4ed4\u7d30\u95dc\u6ce8\u7d30\u7bc0\u3002<\/p>\n

    1. \u985e\u5225\u8207\u8cc7\u6599\u8868<\/h3>\n

    \u5716\u8868\u4e2d\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u6bcf\u500b\u985e\u5225\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u6210\u70ba\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u3002\u985e\u5225\u540d\u7a31\u76f4\u63a5\u5c0d\u61c9\u81f3\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u540d\u7a31\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u540d\u70ba\u4f7f\u7528\u8005<\/code>\u7684\u985e\u5225\u6703\u6210\u70ba\u540d\u70bausers<\/code>\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u3002\u985e\u5225\u5167\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u5247\u6210\u70ba\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6b04\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

    2. \u5c6c\u6027\u8207\u8cc7\u6599\u985e\u578b<\/h3>\n

    \u5c6c\u6027\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u5be6\u9ad4\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u3002\u5728\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5c6c\u6027\u9700\u8981\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u985e\u578b\u3002UML \u5c6c\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u5b57\u4e32<\/code>\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u61c9\u70baVARCHAR<\/code>, TEXT<\/code>\u6216CHAR<\/code>\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u9577\u5ea6\u8207\u4f7f\u7528\u9650\u5236\u3002\u6b64\u8655\u7cbe\u78ba\u6027\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u4e3b\u9375\uff1a<\/strong>\u985e\u5225\u5be6\u4f8b\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u8b58\u5225\u78bc\u3002\u5728 UML \u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u901a\u5e38\u6a19\u8a18\u70ba\u300c+id\u300d<\/code>\u6216\u300c+PK\u300d<\/code>\u3002\u5728\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u6703\u6210\u70ba\u300cPRIMARY KEY\u300d<\/code>.<\/li>\n
    • \u5916\u9375\uff1a<\/strong>\u9023\u7d50\u81f3\u5176\u4ed6\u985e\u5225\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5c6c\u6027\u7528\u65bc\u5f37\u5236\u53c3\u7167\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u53ef\u898b\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u516c\u5171\u5c6c\u6027\u5c0d\u61c9\u81f3\u53ef\u5b58\u53d6\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u79c1\u6709\u5c6c\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u5167\u90e8\u908f\u8f2f\u6216\u96b1\u85cf\u8cc7\u6599\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      3. \u64cd\u4f5c\u8207\u7d04\u675f<\/h3>\n

      \u985e\u5225\u5716\u4e2d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ee3\u8868\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u7d50\u69cb\u4e0d\u6703\u5728\u8cc7\u6599\u884c\u4e2d\u5132\u5b58\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u6703\u5132\u5b58\u7d04\u675f\u3002\u89f8\u767c\u5668\u3001\u5132\u5b58\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8207\u6aa2\u67e5\u7d04\u675f\u901a\u5e38\u53cd\u6620\u985e\u5225\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u908f\u8f2f\u3002\u5728\u5efa\u6a21\u968e\u6bb5\u8b58\u5225\u9019\u4e9b\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u53ef\u78ba\u4fdd\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u81ea\u52d5\u5f37\u5236\u57f7\u884c\u696d\u52d9\u898f\u5247\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5c07\u95dc\u806f\u6620\u5c04\u81f3\u5916\u9375 \ud83d\udd17<\/h2>\n

      \u95dc\u806f\u662f\u95dc\u806f\u5f0f\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u7684\u9aa8\u5e79\u3002UML \u985e\u5225\u5716\u64c5\u9577\u63cf\u7e6a\u9019\u4e9b\u9023\u7d50\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u57fa\u6578\u5c0d\u65bc\u512a\u5316\u7d50\u69cb\u6548\u80fd\u8207\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u4e00\u5c0d\u4e00\u95dc\u806f<\/h3>\n

      \u7576\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u55ae\u4e00\u5be6\u4f8b\u9023\u7d50\u81f3\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u55ae\u4e00\u5be6\u4f8b\u6642\uff0c\u5373\u767c\u751f\u6b64\u95dc\u806f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u4eba\u300d<\/code>\u53ef\u80fd\u64c1\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u8b77\u7167\u300d<\/code>.<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u5be6\u4f5c\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u4efb\u4e00\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u4e2d\u65b0\u589e\u5916\u9375\u8cc7\u6599\u884c\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u9078\u7aef\uff08\u82e5\u95dc\u806f\u975e\u5f37\u5236\uff09\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u6703\u6301\u6709\u5916\u9375\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u6700\u4f73\u5316\uff1a<\/strong>\u82e5\u8cc7\u6599\u7e3d\u662f\u540c\u6642\u5b58\u53d6\uff0c\u8acb\u8003\u616e\u5408\u4f75\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u9023\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u4e00\u5c0d\u591a\u95dc\u806f<\/h3>\n

        \u9019\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u95dc\u806f\u985e\u578b\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u5ba2\u6236\u300d<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9054\u8a31\u591a\u8a02\u55ae<\/code>\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf\u7b46\u8a02\u55ae\u50c5\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e00\u4f4d\u5ba2\u6236\u3002<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u5be6\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong>\u5c07\u5916\u9375\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u300c\u591a\u300d\u7aef\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\uff08\u5373\u8a02\u55ae<\/code>\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u6548\u80fd\u512a\u5316\uff1a<\/strong>\u5c0d\u5916\u9375\u6b04\u4f4d\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u901f\u67e5\u8a62\u7279\u5b9a\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u8a02\u55ae\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u591a\u5c0d\u591a\u95dc\u806f<\/h3>\n

          \u5728\u6b64\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u5be6\u4f8b\u8207\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u591a\u500b\u5be6\u4f8b\u76f8\u95dc\u806f\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\u3002\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b78\u751f<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u9078\u4fee\u8a31\u591a\u8ab2\u7a0b<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u9580\u8ab2\u7a0b<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u64c1\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u5b78\u751f<\/code>.<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u5be6\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong>\u60a8\u7121\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u95dc\u806f\u5f0f\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u4e2d\u5be6\u4f5c\u6b64\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u60a8\u5fc5\u9808\u5efa\u7acb\u95dc\u806f\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\uff08\u9023\u63a5\u8868\uff09\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u6b64\u95dc\u806f\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u6548\u80fd\u512a\u5316\uff1a<\/strong>\u78ba\u4fdd\u9023\u63a5\u8868\u5177\u6709\u8907\u5408\u9375\u6216\u9069\u7576\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u8655\u7406\u67e5\u8a62\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            \u95dc\u806f\u985e\u578b<\/th>\nUML \u6a19\u8a18\u6cd5<\/th>\n\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u5be6\u4f5c<\/th>\n\u6548\u80fd\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9805<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
            \u4e00\u5c0d\u4e00<\/td>\n1..1 \u2014- 1..1<\/td>\n\u5728\u4e00\u5f35\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u4e2d\u8a2d\u5b9a\u5916\u9375<\/td>\n\u8003\u616e\u5408\u4f75\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u5b58\u53d6\u901f\u5ea6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u4e00\u5c0d\u591a<\/td>\n1 \u2014- * <\/td>\n\u300c\u591a\u300d\u7aef\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5916\u9375<\/td>\n\u70ba\u5916\u9375\u6b04\u4f4d\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \u591a\u5c0d\u591a<\/td>\n* \u2014- *<\/td>\n\u4e2d\u9593\u95dc\u806f\u8cc7\u6599\u8868<\/td>\n\u70ba\u95dc\u806f\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5169\u500b\u5916\u9375\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

            UML \u5167\u7684\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u7b56\u7565 \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\n

            \u6b63\u898f\u5316\u662f\u7d44\u7e54\u8cc7\u6599\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u5197\u9918\u4e26\u63d0\u5347\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u96d6\u7136 UML \u5716\u8868\u8457\u91cd\u65bc\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u4f46\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u539f\u5247\u5247\u6307\u5c0e\u5c6c\u6027\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u985e\u5225\u9593\u5206\u4f48\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f (1NF)<\/h3>\n

            \u539f\u5b50\u6027\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u6b04\u4f4d\u61c9\u50c5\u5305\u542b\u55ae\u4e00\u503c\u3002\u5728 UML \u8853\u8a9e\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u907f\u514d\u5c07\u5132\u5b58\u5217\u8868\u6216\u9663\u5217\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u7269\u4ef6\u5c6c\u6027\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u55ae\u4e00\u6b04\u4f4d\u4e2d\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u8a72\u8cc7\u6599\u985e\u578b\u539f\u751f\u652f\u63f4\u4e14\u67e5\u8a62\u6548\u7387\u826f\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \u6aa2\u67e5\uff1a<\/strong>\u78ba\u4fdd\u5c6c\u6027\u4e26\u975e\u91cd\u8907\u7fa4\u7d44\u3002<\/li>\n
            • \u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong> \u8207\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\u55ae\u4e00 phone_numbers<\/code> \u6b04\u4f4d\u5132\u5b58 [123, 456]<\/code>\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u7368\u7acb\u7684 Phone<\/code> \u985e\u5225\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f (2NF)<\/h3>\n

              \u6240\u6709\u975e\u9375\u5c6c\u6027\u5fc5\u9808\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u4e3b\u9375\u3002\u82e5\u985e\u5225\u5177\u6709\u8907\u5408\u4e3b\u9375\uff0c\u5247\u9700\u78ba\u4fdd\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5c6c\u6027\u50c5\u4f9d\u8cf4\u8a72\u9375\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u9019\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u5728 UML \u5716\u8868\u4e2d\u5c07\u985e\u5225\u62c6\u5206\uff0c\u4ee5\u9694\u96e2\u7279\u5b9a\u8cc7\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n

              \u7b2c\u4e09\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f (3NF)<\/h3>\n

              \u61c9\u79fb\u9664\u50b3\u905e\u76f8\u4f9d\u6027\u3002\u82e5\u5c6c\u6027 A \u6c7a\u5b9a B\uff0c\u4e14 B \u6c7a\u5b9a C\uff0c\u5247 A \u6c7a\u5b9a C\u3002\u5728\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u82e5 B \u4e0d\u5c6c\u65bc A \u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u5247\u61c9\u5c07 B \u79fb\u81f3\u5176\u5c08\u5c6c\u985e\u5225\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
              \u6b63\u898f\u5316\u5c64\u7d1a<\/th>\n\u898f\u5247<\/th>\n\u5c0d UML \u7684\u5f71\u97ff<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
              1NF<\/td>\n\u7121\u91cd\u8907\u7fa4\u7d44<\/td>\n\u5c07\u6e05\u55ae\u5c6c\u6027\u62c6\u5206\u70ba\u7368\u7acb\u985e\u5225<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              2NF<\/td>\n\u7121\u90e8\u5206\u4f9d\u8cf4<\/td>\n\u5c07\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u9375\u5b50\u96c6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u9694\u96e2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              3NF<\/td>\n\u7121\u50b3\u905e\u4f9d\u8cf4<\/td>\n\u70ba\u4f9d\u8cf4\u5c6c\u6027\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u985e\u5225<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

              \u6548\u80fd\u8003\u91cf\u8207\u7d22\u5f15\u8a2d\u5b9a \u2699\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

              \u96d6\u7136 UML \u5716\u8868\u4e26\u672a\u660e\u78ba\u986f\u793a\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e86\u7d22\u5f15\u61c9\u653e\u7f6e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u6700\u4f73\u5316\u6d89\u53ca\u5728\u5132\u5b58\u7a7a\u9593\u8207\u67e5\u8a62\u901f\u5ea6\u4e4b\u9593\u53d6\u5f97\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n

                \n
              • \u67e5\u8a62\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong>\u5206\u6790\u8cc7\u6599\u5c07\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u6aa2\u7d22\u3002\u82e5\u7279\u5b9a\u5c6c\u6027\u7d93\u5e38\u7528\u65bc\u641c\u5c0b\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u5247\u61c9\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/li>\n
              • \u5916\u9375\uff1a<\/strong>\u52d9\u5fc5\u70ba\u5916\u9375\u6b04\u4f4d\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u82e5\u672a\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u9023\u63a5\u8868\u683c\u5c07\u8b8a\u6210\u5168\u8868\u6383\u63cf\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u6703\u8b8a\u6162\u3002<\/li>\n
              • \u53cd\u6b63\u898f\u5316\uff1a<\/strong>\u6709\u6642\uff0c\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u6703\u964d\u4f4e\u8b80\u53d6\u901f\u5ea6\u3002UML \u5716\u8868\u53ef\u5354\u52a9\u8b58\u5225\u9069\u5408\u9032\u884c\u53cd\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5132\u5b58\u76f8\u95dc\u9805\u76ee\u7684\u5feb\u53d6\u8a08\u6578\u3002<\/li>\n
              • \u8cc7\u6599\u985e\u578b\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u5716\u8868\u4e2d\u9078\u64c7\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u985e\u578b\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5132\u5b58\u8207\u6548\u80fd\u3002\u8acb\u4f7f\u7528 INT<\/code> \u800c\u975e STRING<\/code> \u4f5c\u70ba ID\u3002\u8acb\u4f7f\u7528 DATE<\/code> \u800c\u975e STRING<\/code> \u4f5c\u70ba\u6642\u9593\u6233\u8a18\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \u7d50\u69cb\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u898b\u9677\u9631 \u274c<\/h2>\n

                \u5373\u4f7f\u64c1\u6709\u6e05\u6670\u7684 UML \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5728\u8f49\u63db\u70ba SQL \u6642\u4ecd\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u751f\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u5e38\u898b\u932f\u8aa4\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u7dad\u6301\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n

                1. \u904e\u5ea6\u6b63\u898f\u5316<\/h3>\n

                \u5efa\u7acb\u904e\u591a\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u6703\u4f7f\u67e5\u8a62\u8b8a\u5f97\u8907\u96dc\u4e14\u7de9\u6162\u3002\u82e5\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u8b80\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d89\u53ca\u4e94\u5f35\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u7684\u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u8acb\u8003\u616e\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u5c07\u90e8\u5206\u8cc7\u6599\u5408\u4f75\u3002UML \u5716\u61c9\u53cd\u6620\u696d\u52d9\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u7684\u7d14\u6f54\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

                2. \u5ffd\u7565\u53ef\u7a7a\u6027<\/h3>\n

                UML \u5c6c\u6027\u901a\u5e38\u6697\u793a\u67d0\u500b\u503c\u662f\u5426\u70ba\u5fc5\u586b\u3002\u5728\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u61c9\u70baNOT NULL<\/code>\u7d04\u675f\u3002\u82e5\u672a\u80fd\u6b63\u78ba\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u8cc7\u6599\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u554f\u984c\u3002\u8acb\u78ba\u4fdd\u5716\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u9078\u5c6c\u6027\u5c0d\u61c9\u81f3\u53ef\u70ba\u7a7a\u7684\u6b04\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

                3. \u5faa\u74b0\u4f9d\u8cf4<\/h3>\n

                \u4e00\u7a2e\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u985e\u5225 A \u4f9d\u8cf4\u985e\u5225 B\uff0c\u985e\u5225 B \u4f9d\u8cf4\u985e\u5225 C\uff0c\u800c\u985e\u5225 C \u53c8\u4f9d\u8cf4\u56de\u985e\u5225 A\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6216\u9077\u79fb\u6642\u7522\u751f\u5faa\u74b0\u5f15\u7528\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u8acb\u5728\u8a2d\u8a08\u968e\u6bb5\u6253\u7834\u9019\u4e9b\u5faa\u74b0\u3002<\/p>\n

                4. \u547d\u540d\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4<\/h3>\n

                \u4f7f\u7528user_id<\/code>\u5728\u4e00\u5f35\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u800cUserId<\/code>\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u5f35\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u4e2d\u6703\u9020\u6210\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002UML \u5716\u5f37\u5236\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u8acb\u5805\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\u55ae\u4e00\u547d\u540d\u898f\u7bc4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8cc7\u6599\u8868\u8207\u6b04\u4f4d\u4f7f\u7528\u86c7\u5f62\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\uff08snake_case\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

                \u8fed\u4ee3\u5f0f\u8a2d\u8a08\u8207\u7dad\u8b77 \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n

                \u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u7d50\u69cb\u4e26\u975e\u975c\u614b\u3002\u9700\u6c42\u6703\u6539\u8b8a\uff0cUML \u985e\u5225\u5716\u5fc5\u9808\u96a8\u8457\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5171\u540c\u6f14\u9032\u3002\u512a\u5316\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u662f\u6307\u80fd\u5728\u4e0d\u7834\u58de\u73fe\u6709\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u9032\u884c\u9069\u61c9\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • \u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\uff1a<\/strong>\u4fdd\u7559 UML \u5716\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4ee5\u8ffd\u8e64\u96a8\u6642\u9593\u7684\u8b8a\u66f4\u3002<\/li>\n
                • \u91cd\u69cb\uff1a<\/strong>\u82e5\u67d0\u500b\u985e\u5225\u8b8a\u5f97\u904e\u5927\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5c07\u5176\u62c6\u5206\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u91cd\u69cb\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ed4\u7d30\u898f\u5283\u9077\u79fb\u3002<\/li>\n
                • \u5be9\u67e5\u9031\u671f\uff1a<\/strong>\u5b9a\u671f\u6839\u64da\u7576\u524d\u7684 UML \u6a21\u578b\u5be9\u67e5\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u78ba\u4fdd\u5be6\u9ad4\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u8207\u908f\u8f2f\u8a2d\u8a08\u76f8\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n
                • \u5411\u5f8c\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u8b8a\u66f4\u7d50\u69cb\u6642\uff0c\u8acb\u78ba\u4fdd\u65b0\u8b8a\u66f4\u4e0d\u6703\u7834\u58de\u4f9d\u8cf4\u820a\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u73fe\u6709\u67e5\u8a62\u6216\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  \u6587\u4ef6\u64b0\u5beb\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10 \ud83d\udcdd<\/h2>\n

                  \u7dad\u8b77\u826f\u597d\u7684 UML \u5716\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6587\u4ef6\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e\u65b0\u6210\u54e1\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u8ca0\u8377\uff0c\u4e26\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • \u5716\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong>\u5305\u542b\u5716\u4f8b\u4ee5\u89e3\u91cb\u5716\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7b26\u865f\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u53ef\u898b\u6027\u4fee\u98fe\u7b26\u8207\u7e7c\u627f\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/li>\n
                  • \u8a3b\u89e3\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u5716\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8a3b\u89e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u89e3\u91cb\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u7d04\u675f\u6216\u696d\u52d9\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u898f\u5247\u4e26\u975e\u4e00\u76ee\u4e86\u7136\u3002<\/li>\n
                  • \u5143\u6578\u64da\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u5716\u8868\u4e2d\u8a18\u9304\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u5275\u5efa\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u6700\u5f8c\u4fee\u6539\u65e5\u671f\u3002<\/li>\n
                  • \u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u78ba\u4fdd\u5716\u8868\u8207\u5be6\u969b\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u76f8\u7b26\u3002\u8a2d\u8a08\u8207\u5be6\u4f5c\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u504f\u96e2\u6703\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u5931\u53bb\u6548\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    \u9032\u968e\u95dc\u4fc2\u6a21\u5f0f \ud83e\udde9<\/h2>\n

                    \u9664\u4e86\u6a19\u6e96\u95dc\u4fc2\u5916\uff0cUML \u5716\u8868\u9084\u80fd\u5efa\u6a21\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u7e7c\u627f\u968e\u5c64\u8207\u805a\u5408\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7d50\u69cb\u6703\u986f\u8457\u5f71\u97ff\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n

                    \u7e7c\u627f\u8207\u591a\u578b<\/h3>\n

                    \u7576\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u8eca\u8f1b\u300d<\/code>\u985e\u5225\u64c1\u6709\u5982\u300c\u6c7d\u8eca\u300d<\/code>\u8207\u300c\u5361\u8eca\u300d<\/code>\u300d\u6642\uff0c\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u7b56\u7565\u6703\u96a8\u4e4b\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u6620\u5c04\uff1a<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • \u55ae\u4e00\u8868\u683c\uff1a<\/strong>\u55ae\u4e00\u8868\u683c\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u578b\u5340\u5206\u6b04\u4f4d\u3002\u8b80\u53d6\u901f\u5ea6\u6700\u5feb\uff0c\u4f46\u6b04\u4f4d\u7a00\u758f\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u985e\u5225\u8868\u683c\uff1a<\/strong>\u6bcf\u500b\u985e\u5225\u4e00\u8868\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u95dc\u806f\u9023\u63a5\u3002\u7b26\u5408\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u6b63\u898f\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u9023\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u8907\u96dc\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u5177\u9ad4\u8868\u683c\uff1a<\/strong>\u6bcf\u500b\u5177\u9ad4\u5b50\u985e\u5225\u7368\u7acb\u4e00\u8868\u3002\u7279\u5b9a\u985e\u578b\u7121\u9700\u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u4f46\u6703\u7522\u751f\u91cd\u8907\u6b04\u4f4d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      \u805a\u5408\u8207\u7d44\u5408<\/h3>\n

                      \u9019\u4e9b\u95dc\u4fc2\u63cf\u8ff0\u90e8\u5206\u8207\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u7d44\u5408\u610f\u5473\u8457\u5f37\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\uff08\u82e5\u6574\u9ad4\u88ab\u522a\u9664\uff0c\u5176\u90e8\u5206\u4e5f\u6703\u88ab\u522a\u9664\uff09\u3002\u805a\u5408\u610f\u5473\u8457\u5f31\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\u3002\u5728\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u901a\u5e38\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u7d1a\u806f\u522a\u9664\u898f\u5247\u3002<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • \u5f37\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\uff1a<\/strong>\u8a2d\u5b9a\u300c\u7d1a\u806f\u522a\u9664\u300d<\/code>\u65bc\u5916\u9375\u4e0a\u3002<\/li>\n
                      • \u5f31\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\uff1a<\/strong>\u5141\u8a31\u5b64\u5152\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u6216\u8a2d\u5b9a\u300c\u8a2d\u70ba\u7a7a\u503c\u300d<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

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