{"id":369,"date":"2026-04-01T14:02:02","date_gmt":"2026-04-01T14:02:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.go-notes.com\/tw\/uml-aggregation-composition-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-04-01T14:02:02","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T14:02:02","slug":"uml-aggregation-composition-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.go-notes.com\/tw\/uml-aggregation-composition-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7406\u89e3\u805a\u5408\u8207\u7d44\u5408\uff1a\u900f\u904e UML \u985e\u5716\u7684\u8996\u89ba\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u7269\u4ef6\u5c0e\u5411\u8a2d\u8a08\u6975\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u5728\u7cfb\u7d71\u5167\u4e0d\u540c\u5be6\u9ad4\u4e4b\u9593\u5efa\u6a21\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5728\u69cb\u5efa\u7a69\u5065\u67b6\u69cb\u6642\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u985e\u5225\u4e4b\u9593\u5982\u4f55\u4e92\u52d5\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5728\u7d71\u4e00\u5efa\u6a21\u8a9e\u8a00\uff08UML\uff09\u985e\u5716\u4e2d\u6240\u5448\u73fe\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u95dc\u4fc2\u985e\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u805a\u5408\u8207\u7d44\u5408\u986f\u5f97\u5c24\u70ba\u95dc\u9375\uff0c\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u9023\u7d50\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e0d\u50c5\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u7269\u4ef6\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u9023\u7d50\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u66f4\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u6301\u7e8c\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\ud83d\udee0\ufe0f<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6307\u5357\u5c07\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0e\u805a\u5408\u8207\u7d44\u5408\u7684\u7d30\u5fae\u5dee\u5225\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u8996\u89ba\u8868\u73fe\u3001\u8a9e\u7fa9\u542b\u7fa9\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u7cfb\u7d71\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e2d\u9078\u64c7\u5176\u4e00\u800c\u975e\u53e6\u4e00\u8005\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6587\u7d50\u675f\u6642\uff0c\u60a8\u5c07\u5177\u5099\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u5fc3\u667a\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u6b63\u78ba\u5340\u5206\u9019\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u4e26\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u60a8\u7684\u8edf\u9ad4\u7d50\u69cb\u4e2d\u3002\ud83d\udca1<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img alt=\"Cartoon infographic comparing UML aggregation vs composition: hollow diamond \u25c7 for aggregation (Has-A relationship, independent lifecycle, e.g., Department-Employee) versus solid diamond \u25c6 for composition (Part-Of relationship, dependent lifecycle, e.g., House-Room), with visual examples, comparison table, and decision guide for object-oriented design\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.go-notes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/uml-aggregation-composition-infographic.jpg\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2>\u57fa\u790e\uff1a\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u80cc\u666f \ud83d\udcd0<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u5256\u6790\u805a\u5408\u8207\u7d44\u5408\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5148\u5efa\u7acb\u57fa\u790e\uff1a\u95dc\u806f\u3002\u95dc\u806f\u4ee3\u8868\u5169\u500b\u985e\u5225\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u7269\u4ef6\u8207\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u7269\u4ef6\u76f8\u9023\u3002\u9019\u662f\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\u6700\u666e\u904d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u53ef\u5c07\u5176\u60f3\u50cf\u70ba\u5716\u8868\u4e2d\u9023\u63a5\u5169\u500b\u65b9\u6846\u7684\u4e00\u689d\u7dda\u3002\ud83d\udccf<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u95dc\u806f\uff1a<\/strong> \u5169\u500b\u985e\u5225\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u901a\u7528\u9023\u7d50\u3002\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u4e2d\u7684\u7269\u4ef6\u4e86\u89e3\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u4e2d\u7684\u7269\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u591a\u91cd\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u95dc\u806f\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u57fa\u6578\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u5c0d\u591a\u6216\u591a\u5c0d\u591a\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u5be6\u4f8b\u8207\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u5be6\u4f8b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u6578\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u53ef\u5c0e\u822a\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u95dc\u806f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u53ef\u5c0e\u822a\u7684\uff08\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u4e86\u89e3\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u96d9\u5411\u7684\uff08\u5169\u500b\u985e\u5225\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e86\u89e3\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> \u805a\u5408\u8207\u7d44\u5408\u662f\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u95dc\u65bc\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\u8207\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6027\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u5c64\u7d1a\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u6a19\u6e96\u95dc\u806f\u53ef\u80fd\u50c5\u8868\u793a\u300c\u985e\u5225 A \u4e86\u89e3\u985e\u5225 B\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u805a\u5408\u8207\u7d44\u5408\u5247\u56de\u7b54\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u300c\u985e\u5225 A \u662f\u5426\u64c1\u6709\u985e\u5225 B\uff1f\u300d\u4ee5\u53ca\u300c\u985e\u5225 B \u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u985e\u5225 A \u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u5b58\u6d3b\uff1f\u300d\ud83e\udd14<\/p>\n<h2>\u805a\u5408\uff1a\u300e\u64c1\u6709\u300f\u95dc\u4fc2 \ud83e\udd1d<\/h2>\n<p>\u805a\u5408\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u95dc\u806f\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868 <em>\u6574\u9ad4-\u90e8\u5206<\/em> \u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u7368\u7acb\u65bc\u6574\u9ad4\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e <strong>\u300e\u64c1\u6709\u300f<\/strong> \u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u60c5\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u6574\u9ad4\u7269\u4ef6\u64c1\u6709\u5c0d\u90e8\u5206\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u53c3\u8003\uff0c\u4f46\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\u4e26\u4e0d\u7531\u6574\u9ad4\u6240\u63a7\u5236\u3002\ud83e\udde9<\/p>\n<h3>\u8996\u89ba\u7b26\u865f<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728 UML \u985e\u5716\u4e2d\uff0c\u805a\u5408\u4ee5\u4e00\u689d\u9023\u63a5\u5169\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u7dda\u4f86\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u7dda\u7684\u672b\u7aef\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7a7a\u5fc3\u83f1\u5f62\uff0c\u83f1\u5f62\u7684\u5c16\u7aef\u6307\u5411\u300e\u6574\u9ad4\u300f\u985e\u5225\u3002\u83f1\u5f62\u4ee3\u8868\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u7dda\u5247\u4ee3\u8868\u9023\u7d50\u3002\ud83d\udd8d\ufe0f<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u5fb5<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7368\u7acb\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u90e8\u5206\u7269\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u6574\u9ad4\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u6574\u9ad4\u88ab\u92b7\u6bc0\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u7269\u4ef6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u88ab\u92b7\u6bc0\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5f31\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\uff1a<\/strong> \u6574\u9ad4\u4e26\u672a\u5c0d\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u6216\u92b7\u6bc0\u64c1\u6709\u7368\u4f54\u63a7\u5236\u6b0a\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u5171\u4eab\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/strong> \u540c\u4e00\u500b\u90e8\u5206\u7269\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u6642\u88ab\u591a\u500b\u6574\u9ad4\u7269\u4ef6\u5171\u4eab\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u73fe\u5be6\u4e16\u754c\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a\u90e8\u9580\u8207\u54e1\u5de5 \ud83d\udc68\u200d\ud83d\udcbc<\/h3>\n<p>\u8003\u616e\u4e00\u500b\u5927\u5b78\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002\u4e00\u500b <strong>\u90e8\u9580<\/strong> \u985e\u5225\u548c\u4e00\u500b <strong>\u54e1\u5de5<\/strong> \u985e\u5225\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u90e8\u9580\u7531\u54e1\u5de5\u7d44\u6210\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u90e8\u9580\u88ab\u89e3\u6563\u6216\u91cd\u7d44\uff0c\u54e1\u5de5\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u8f49\u81f3\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u90e8\u9580\uff0c\u6216\u5b8c\u5168\u96e2\u958b\u5927\u5b78\u3002\u54e1\u5de5\u7684\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\u8207\u7279\u5b9a\u90e8\u9580\u5be6\u4f8b\u662f\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u3002 \ud83c\udfeb<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u60c5\u5883\uff1a<\/strong> \u54e1\u5de5A\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u81f3\u90e8\u9580X\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a<\/strong> \u90e8\u9580X\u88ab\u5408\u4f75\u81f3\u90e8\u9580Y\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u7d50\u679c\uff1a<\/strong> \u54e1\u5de5A\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u81f3\u90e8\u9580Y\u3002\u90e8\u9580X\u7684\u6d88\u4ea1\u4e26\u4e0d\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u54e1\u5de5A\u7684\u6d88\u4ea1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u9019\u7a2e\u7368\u7acb\u6027\u662f\u805a\u5408\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7279\u5fb5\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8a31\u7cfb\u7d71\u8a2d\u8a08\u5177\u6709\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u7269\u4ef6\u80fd\u5920\u88ab\u5171\u4eab\u548c\u91cd\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u7121\u9700\u4e0d\u65b7\u91cd\u8907\u5275\u5efa\u7684\u958b\u92b7\u3002 \ud83d\udd04<\/p>\n<h2>\u7d44\u5408\uff1a\u300e\u5c6c\u65bc\u300f\u95dc\u4fc2 \ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u7d44\u5408\u662f\u805a\u5408\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u66f4\u5f37\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u540c\u6a23\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u7a2e <em>\u6574\u9ad4-\u90e8\u5206<\/em>\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4f46\u5177\u6709\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6027\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6574\u9ad4\u7269\u4ef6\u88ab\u92b7\u6bc0\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u7269\u4ef6\u4e5f\u6703\u96a8\u4e4b\u88ab\u92b7\u6bc0\u3002\u9019\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e <strong>\u300e\u5c6c\u65bc\u300f<\/strong>\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5b83\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\u3002 \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/p>\n<h3>\u8996\u89ba\u7b26\u865f<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728UML\u985e\u5716\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d44\u5408\u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u8207\u805a\u5408\u985e\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u6703\u5728\u6307\u5411\u300e\u6574\u9ad4\u300f\u985e\u7684\u7dda\u672b\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u500b <strong>\u5be6\u5fc3\u83f1\u5f62<\/strong>\u3002\u5be6\u5fc3\u83f1\u5f62\u8868\u793a\u7368\u4f54\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\u548c\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\u63a7\u5236\u3002 \ud83d\udc8e<\/p>\n<h3>\u95dc\u9375\u7279\u5fb5<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u90e8\u5206\u7269\u4ef6\u7121\u6cd5\u7368\u7acb\u65bc\u6574\u9ad4\u7269\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5b83\u6703\u96a8\u8457\u6574\u9ad4\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5275\u5efa\u8207\u92b7\u6bc0\u800c\u4e00\u540c\u88ab\u5275\u5efa\u8207\u92b7\u6bc0\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7368\u4f54\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\uff1a<\/strong> \u6574\u9ad4\u5c0d\u90e8\u5206\u64c1\u6709\u7368\u4f54\u63a7\u5236\u6b0a\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u90e8\u5206\u901a\u5e38\u50c5\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u6574\u9ad4\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u96b1\u5f0f\u5275\u5efa\uff1a<\/strong> \u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u5275\u5efa\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u540c\u6642\u5275\u5efa\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u73fe\u5be6\u4e16\u754c\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a\u623f\u5c4b\u8207\u623f\u9593 \ud83c\udfe0<\/h3>\n<p>\u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u500b <strong>\u623f\u5c4b<\/strong> \u985e\u5225\u548c\u4e00\u500b <strong>\u623f\u9593<\/strong> \u985e\u5225\u3002\u4e00\u68df\u623f\u5b50\u7531\u623f\u9593\u7d44\u6210\u3002\u5982\u679c\u623f\u5b50\u88ab\u62c6\u9664\uff0c\u623f\u9593\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u4f5c\u70ba\u623f\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u7528\u4f5c\u6750\u6599\uff08\u78da\u584a\u3001\u6728\u6750\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u2018\u623f\u9593\u2019\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u5be6\u9ad4\u4e0d\u518d\u5b58\u5728\u3002 \ud83e\uddf1<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u60c5\u5883\uff1a<\/strong> \u623f\u5b50A\u5305\u542b\u623f\u95931\u548c\u623f\u95932\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a<\/strong> \u623f\u5b50A\u88ab\u6467\u6bc0\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u51fa\u552e\u4e26\u62c6\u9664\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7d50\u679c\uff1a<\/strong> \u623f\u95931\u548c\u623f\u95932\u88ab\u6467\u6bc0\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u4e0d\u6703\u5728\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u6301\u7e8c\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u4f9b\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u9019\u7a2e\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u4f9d\u8cf4\u95dc\u4fc2\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e86\u8cc7\u6599\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u8207\u8cc7\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u7576\u7236\u7269\u4ef6\u88ab\u6e05\u7406\u6642\uff0c\u5b50\u7269\u4ef6\u6703\u81ea\u52d5\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u51fa\u73fe\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u7d50\u69cb\u3002 \ud83e\uddf9<\/p>\n<h2>\u805a\u5408\u8207\u7d44\u5408\uff1a\u8a73\u7d30\u6bd4\u8f03 \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n<p>\u70ba\u4e86\u91d0\u6e05\u5169\u8005\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e26\u5217\u6bd4\u8f03\u9019\u5169\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u5dee\u7570\u5c0d\u65bc\u6e96\u78ba\u5efa\u6a21\u548c\u78ba\u4fdd\u4ee3\u78bc\u5eab\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u53ef\u7dad\u8b77\u6027\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002 \ud83d\udd0d<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u7279\u5fb5<\/th>\n<th>\u805a\u5408<\/th>\n<th>\u7d44\u5408<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u95dc\u4fc2\u985e\u578b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u64c1\u6709\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\u90e8\u5206\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u64c1\u6709\u6b0a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u5f31\u64c1\u6709\u6b0a<\/td>\n<td>\u5f37\u64c1\u6709\u6b0a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u7368\u7acb<\/td>\n<td>\u4f9d\u8cf4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>UML\u7b26\u865f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u7a7a\u5fc3\u83f1\u5f62 (\u25c7)<\/td>\n<td>\u5be6\u5fc3\u83f1\u5f62 (\u25c6)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u5171\u4eab\u5be6\u4f8b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u662f\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u5171\u4eab\uff09<\/td>\n<td>\u5426\uff08\u7368\u4f54\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u7bc4\u4f8b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u8207\u66f8\u7c4d<\/td>\n<td>\u6c7d\u8eca\u8207\u5f15\u64ce<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u7bc4\u4f8b\u8aaa\u660e\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u300c\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u8207\u66f8\u7c4d\u300d\u7bc4\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u53ef\u4ee5\u95dc\u9589\uff0c\u4f46\u66f8\u7c4d\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u9593\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u6216\u51fa\u552e\u3002\u5728\u300c\u6c7d\u8eca\u8207\u5f15\u64ce\u300d\u7bc4\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u82e5\u6c7d\u8eca\u88ab\u5831\u5ee2\uff0c\u5f15\u64ce\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u88ab\u62c6\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e26\u8996\u70ba\u5831\u5ee2\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5931\u53bb\u4f5c\u70ba\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u6c7d\u8eca\u5f15\u64ce\u7d44\u4ef6\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\ud83d\ude97<\/p>\n<h2>\u5716\u793a\u7684\u5448\u73fe \ud83c\udfa8<\/h2>\n<p>\u7e6a\u88fd\u9019\u4e9b\u5716\u793a\u6642\uff0c\u6e05\u6670\u5ea6\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u932f\u8aa4\u4f7f\u7528\u83f1\u5f62\u7b26\u865f\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u5176\u4ed6\u95b1\u8b80\u67b6\u69cb\u7684\u958b\u767c\u4eba\u54e1\u7522\u751f\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6b64\u7d50\u69cb\u5728\u985e\u5716\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u8868\u793a\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u5448\u73fe\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u805a\u5408\u7d50\u69cb<\/h3>\n<p>\u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u500b<code>\u6c7d\u8eca<\/code>\u985e\u5225\u8207\u4e00\u500b<code>\u6240\u6709\u8005<\/code>\u985e\u5225\u3002\u9019\u88e1\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u805a\u5408\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u6c7d\u8eca\u7531\u6240\u6709\u8005\u64c1\u6709\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u82e5\u6c7d\u8eca\u5168\u640d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8005\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u82e5\u6240\u6709\u8005\u51fa\u552e\u6c7d\u8eca\uff0c\u6c7d\u8eca\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u9019\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u96d9\u5411\u805a\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>\u6c7d\u8eca<\/code> \u25c7\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u25cb <code>\u6240\u6709\u8005<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u7d44\u5408\u7d50\u69cb<\/h3>\n<p>\u8003\u616e\u4e00\u500b<code>\u8a02\u55ae<\/code>\u985e\u5225\u8207\u4e00\u500b<code>\u660e\u7d30\u9805\u76ee<\/code>\u985e\u5225\u3002\u8a02\u55ae\u7531\u660e\u7d30\u9805\u76ee\u7d44\u6210\u3002\u82e5\u8a02\u55ae\u88ab\u53d6\u6d88\u4e26\u5f9e\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u522a\u9664\uff0c\u8207\u5176\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u660e\u7d30\u9805\u76ee\u4e5f\u6703\u88ab\u4e00\u4f75\u522a\u9664\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u8a72\u7279\u5b9a\u8a02\u55ae\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e4b\u5916\u6beb\u7121\u610f\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>\u8a02\u55ae<\/code> \u25c6\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u25cb <code>\u660e\u7d30\u9805\u76ee<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\u83f1\u5f62\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u83f1\u5f62\u6c38\u9060\u6307\u5411\u300c\u6574\u9ad4\u300d\u6216\u5bb9\u5668\u3002\u7dda\u689d\u5247\u9023\u63a5\u5230\u300c\u90e8\u5206\u300d\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u5728\u6a19\u6e96 UML \u8a18\u6cd5\u4e2d\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u59a5\u5354\u7684\u3002\ud83d\udcd0<\/p>\n<h2>\u5c0d\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u8207\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5f71\u97ff \ud83d\udcbe<\/h2>\n<p>\u96d6\u7136 UML \u5716\u793a\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8a2d\u8a08\u968e\u6bb5\u6240\u505a\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u6703\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u97ff\u5be6\u4f5c\u7d30\u7bc0\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u8a18\u61b6\u9ad4\u7ba1\u7406\u8207\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u65b9\u9762\u3002\ud83e\udde0<\/p>\n<h3>\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u4e2d\u7684\u805a\u5408<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u5be6\u4f5c\u805a\u5408\u6642\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u5f31\u5f15\u7528\u6216\u6a19\u6e96\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5f15\u7528\u4e0d\u6703\u5f37\u5236\u7368\u4f54\u64c1\u6709\u6b0a\u3002\u7236\u985e\u5225\u6703\u4ee5\u5efa\u69cb\u5b50\u53c3\u6578\u6216\u8a2d\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u63a5\u6536\u5b50\u985e\u5225\u7684\u5be6\u4f8b\u3002\u7236\u985e\u5225\u4e0d\u8ca0\u8cac\u8655\u7406\u5b50\u985e\u5225\u7684\u91cb\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5efa\u69cb\u51fd\u6578\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b50\u7269\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u7236\u7269\u4ef6\u5916\u90e8\u88ab\u5efa\u7acb\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u92b7\u6bc0\uff1a<\/strong> \u7236\u7269\u4ef6\u4e0d\u6703\u5728\u5b50\u7269\u4ef6\u4e0a\u547c\u53eb\u89e3\u69cb\u51fd\u6578\u6216\u6e05\u9664\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5171\u7528\uff1a<\/strong> \u540c\u4e00\u500b\u5b50\u7269\u4ef6\u5be6\u4f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u50b3\u905e\u7d66\u591a\u500b\u7236\u7269\u4ef6\u5be6\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u4e2d\u7684\u7d44\u5408<\/h3>\n<p>\u7d44\u5408\u8981\u6c42\u7236\u7269\u4ef6\u5c0d\u5b50\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u627f\u64d4\u5b8c\u5168\u8cac\u4efb\u3002\u9019\u901a\u5e38\u900f\u904e\u503c\u7269\u4ef6\u5be6\u73fe\uff0c\u6216\u78ba\u4fdd\u5b50\u7269\u4ef6\u50c5\u5728\u7236\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u88ab\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5efa\u69cb\u51fd\u6578\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b50\u7269\u4ef6\u5728\u7236\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5efa\u69cb\u51fd\u6578\u5167\u88ab\u5efa\u7acb\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u92b7\u6bc0\uff1a<\/strong> \u7576\u7236\u7269\u4ef6\u88ab\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u6216\u660e\u78ba\u92b7\u6bc0\u6642\uff0c\u5b50\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u53c3\u8003\u6703\u907a\u5931\uff0c\u5b50\u7269\u4ef6\u4e5f\u6703\u88ab\u6e05\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5c01\u88dd\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b50\u7269\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u7236\u7269\u4ef6\u5167\u96b1\u85cf\uff08\u79c1\u6709\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5916\u90e8\u5b58\u53d6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u9019\u7a2e\u5340\u5225\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u4f60\u64b0\u5beb\u55ae\u5143\u6e2c\u8a66\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6a21\u64ec\u5b50\u7269\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u7368\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u7d44\u5408\uff0c\u5b50\u7269\u4ef6\u662f\u5167\u90e8\u7d30\u7bc0\uff0c\u6e2c\u8a66\u91cd\u9ede\u5728\u65bc\u7236\u7269\u4ef6\u5c0d\u5b50\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\ud83e\uddea<\/p>\n<h2>\u5e38\u898b\u9677\u9631\u8207\u8aa4\u89e3 \u26a0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u7d93\u9a57\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u5e2b\u5728\u5b9a\u7fa9\u9019\u4e9b\u95dc\u4fc2\u6642\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u932f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5efa\u6a21\u7cfb\u7d71\u6642\u61c9\u907f\u514d\u7684\u5e38\u898b\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\ud83d\udeab<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6df7\u6dc6\u95dc\u806f\u8207\u805a\u5408\uff1a<\/strong> \u5169\u500b\u985e\u5225\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u805a\u5408\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u3002\u82e5\u7121\u300e\u6574\u9ad4-\u90e8\u5206\u300f\u8a9e\u610f\uff0c\u61c9\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a\u7684\u95dc\u806f\u7dda\u3002\u82e5\u7121\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5207\u52ff\u4f7f\u7528\u83f1\u5f62\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u904e\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u7d44\u5408\uff1a<\/strong> \u7d44\u5408\u662f\u6c89\u91cd\u7684\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u8457\u7dca\u5bc6\u8026\u5408\u3002\u82e5\u96f6\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u91cd\u7528\uff0c\u7d44\u5408\u5c07\u8feb\u4f7f\u4f60\u91cd\u8907\u5b83\u5011\u6216\u7ba1\u7406\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u3002\u61c9\u4f7f\u7528\u805a\u5408\u4ee5\u7372\u5f97\u5f48\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5ffd\u7565\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\u898f\u5247\uff1a<\/strong> \u82e5\u4f60\u5c07\u67d0\u7269\u5efa\u6a21\u70ba\u7d44\u5408\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u78ba\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u5c0a\u91cd\u5176\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\u3002\u82e5\u300e\u623f\u9593\u300f\u5728\u300e\u623f\u5c4b\u300f\u88ab\u522a\u9664\u6642\u4e5f\u61c9\u88ab\u522a\u9664\uff0c\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u5fc5\u9808\u53cd\u6620\u6b64\u6e05\u7406\u52d5\u4f5c\u3002\u82e5\u300e\u623f\u9593\u300f\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u5716\u793a\u5c31\u662f\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u932f\u8aa4\uff1a<\/strong> 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