{"id":107,"date":"2026-04-04T10:50:46","date_gmt":"2026-04-04T10:50:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.go-notes.com\/tw\/uml-class-diagram-patterns-reusable-solutions\/"},"modified":"2026-04-04T10:50:46","modified_gmt":"2026-04-04T10:50:46","slug":"uml-class-diagram-patterns-reusable-solutions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.go-notes.com\/tw\/uml-class-diagram-patterns-reusable-solutions\/","title":{"rendered":"UML\u985e\u5716\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u5e38\u7528\u554f\u984c\u7684\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u8a2d\u8a08\u7a69\u5065\u7684\u8edf\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0d\u50c5\u9700\u8981\u64b0\u5beb\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\uff0c\u66f4\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4efd\u85cd\u5716\u3002\u7d71\u4e00\u6a21\u578b\u8a9e\u8a00\uff08UML\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9019\u4efd\u85cd\u5716\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u8a72\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u985e\u5716\u662f\u6700\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u900f\u904e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u985e\u5225\u3001\u5c6c\u6027\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7269\u4ef6\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4f86\u6355\u6349\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u975c\u614b\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7e6a\u88fd\u5716\u8868\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u958b\u59cb\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u5728\u65bc\u61c9\u7528\u65e2\u6709\u7684<strong>UML\u985e\u5716\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6a21\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5e38\u7528\u5efa\u6a21\u554f\u984c\u7684\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u4fdd\u6301\u53ef\u7dad\u8b77\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u64f4\u5c55\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u5c0d\u6240\u6709\u5229\u5bb3\u95dc\u4fc2\u4eba\u6e05\u6670\u660e\u77ad\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6307\u5357\u63a2\u8a0e\u7269\u4ef6\u5c0e\u5411\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u7814\u7a76\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u69cb\u7e7c\u627f\u7d50\u69cb\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8cf4\u7279\u5b9a\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u5be6\u4f5c\u7d50\u69cb\u7d04\u675f\u3002\u900f\u904e\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u60a8\u80fd\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u80fd\u7cbe\u78ba\u4e14\u6709\u6b0a\u5a01\u5730\u50b3\u9054\u8907\u96dc\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\u5716\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img alt=\"Hand-drawn infographic illustrating UML class diagram patterns: class anatomy with three compartments, visibility modifiers (+\/-\/#\/~), relationship symbols (dependency, association, aggregation \u25c7, composition \u25c6, generalization \u25b7, realization \u21e2\u25b7), inheritance hierarchies with abstract classes, Singleton and Factory Method creational patterns, multiplicity rules (1, 0..1, 1..*, 0..*), and best practices checklist for high cohesion and low coupling, rendered in thick-outline sketch aesthetic for software architects and developers\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.go-notes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/uml-class-diagram-patterns-infographic.jpg\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2>\u7406\u89e3UML\u985e\u5716\u57fa\u790e \ud83d\udcd0<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0e\u7279\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u5148\u7262\u56fa\u638c\u63e1\u57fa\u672c\u69cb\u4ef6\u3002\u985e\u5716\u4ee3\u8868\u7cfb\u7d71\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u6642\u523b\u7684\u5feb\u7167\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u77e9\u5f62\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\uff0c\u5176\u88ab\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u500b\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u540d\u7a31\uff1a<\/strong> \u985e\u5225\u7684\u8b58\u5225\u7b26\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u5927\u5beb\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u5c6c\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u5132\u5b58\u5728\u985e\u5225\u5be6\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5c6c\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/strong> \u985e\u5225\u53ef\u57f7\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u51fd\u6578\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> \u53ef\u898b\u6027\u4fee\u98fe\u7b26\u5c0d\u65bc\u5b9a\u7fa9\u9019\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong> \u516c\u5171 (+)\uff1a<\/strong> \u53ef\u5f9e\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u985e\u5225\u5b58\u53d6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u79c1\u6709 (-)\uff1a<\/strong> \u50c5\u53ef\u5728\u985e\u5225\u672c\u8eab\u5167\u90e8\u5b58\u53d6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u4fdd\u8b77 (#)\uff1a<\/strong> \u53ef\u5728\u985e\u5225\u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u985e\u5225\u4e2d\u5b58\u53d6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u5957\u4ef6 (~)\uff1a<\/strong> \u53ef\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u5957\u4ef6\u6216\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\u5b58\u53d6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u975c\u614b\u6216\u5be6\u4f8b\u7d1a\u5225\u7684\u3002\u975c\u614b\u6210\u54e1\u5c6c\u65bc\u985e\u5225\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7279\u5b9a\u7269\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u5716\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u975c\u614b\u6210\u54e1\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u5e95\u7dda\u6a19\u793a\u3002\u9019\u9805\u57fa\u790e\u77e5\u8b58\u662f\u6709\u6548\u61c9\u7528\u8907\u96dc\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5148\u6c7a\u689d\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7e7c\u627f\u8207\u6cdb\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f \ud83d\udd17<\/h2>\n<p>\u7e7c\u627f\u5141\u8a31\u65b0\u985e\u5225\u5f9e\u73fe\u6709\u985e\u5225\u884d\u751f\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u9019\u4fc3\u9032\u4e86\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u91cd\u7528\uff0c\u4e26\u5efa\u7acb\u8a9e\u7fa9\u5c64\u7d1a\u3002\u5728UML\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u4ee5\u4e00\u689d\u5be6\u7dda\u642d\u914d\u7a7a\u5fc3\u4e09\u89d2\u7bad\u982d\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u7bad\u982d\u6307\u5411\u8d85\u985e\u5225\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6cdb\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<p>\u6cdb\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u5c64\u7d1a\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u9aa8\u5e79\u3002\u5b83\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u554f\u984c\u662f\uff1a\u300c\u9019\u500b\u985e\u5225\u662f\u5426\u70ba\u90a3\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u7248\u672c\uff1f\u300d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u55ae\u4e00\u7e7c\u627f\uff1a<\/strong> \u985e\u5225\u50c5\u5f9e\u4e00\u500b\u7236\u985e\u7e7c\u627f\u3002\u9019\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u7269\u4ef6\u5c0e\u5411\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e2d\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u5c64\u7d1a\u7d50\u69cb\u4fdd\u6301\u5e73\u5766\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5c0e\u822a\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u591a\u91cd\u7e7c\u627f\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7e7c\u627f\u81ea\u591a\u500b\u7236\u985e\u5225\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u529f\u80fd\u5f37\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u300c\u947d\u77f3\u554f\u984c\u300d\uff0c\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u54ea\u500b\u7236\u985e\u5225\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7522\u751f\u6b67\u7fa9\u3002\u5728UML\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u6703\u4ee5\u591a\u689d\u5be6\u7dda\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5be6\u7dda\u5728\u5b50\u985e\u5225\u8655\u4ee5\u7a7a\u5fc3\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u7d50\u675f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u62bd\u8c61\u985e\u5225\uff1a<\/strong> \u9019\u4e9b\u985e\u5225\u7121\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u4f5c\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u985e\u5225\u7684\u7bc4\u672c\u3002\u5728\u5716\u4e2d\uff0c\u985e\u5225\u540d\u7a31\u4ee5\u659c\u9ad4\u8868\u793a\u3002\u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u4ee5\u659c\u9ad4\u6a19\u793a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u4f55\u6642\u4f7f\u7528\u7e7c\u627f<\/h3>\n<p>\u7576\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u300c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u300d\u95dc\u4fc2\u6642\u4f7f\u7528\u7e7c\u627f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u500b<code>\u6b63\u65b9\u5f62<\/code> <em>\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e<\/em> <code>\u77e9\u5f62<\/code>\u3002\u907f\u514d\u5c0d\u300c\u64c1\u6709\u300d\u95dc\u4fc2\u4f7f\u7528\u7e7c\u627f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u9055\u53cd\u4e86\u300c\u7d44\u5408\u512a\u65bc\u7e7c\u627f\u300d\u7684\u539f\u5247\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u95dc\u4fc2\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u95dc\u806f\u3001\u805a\u5408\u3001\u7d44\u5408 \ud83e\udde9<\/h2>\n<p>\u95dc\u4fc2\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u985e\u5225\u4e4b\u9593\u5982\u4f55\u4e92\u52d5\u3002\u5340\u5206\u95dc\u806f\u3001\u805a\u5408\u8207\u7d44\u5408\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u6e96\u78ba\u7684\u5efa\u6a21\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6a21\u5f0f\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u76f8\u95dc\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\u8207\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u95dc\u806f<\/h3>\n<p>\u95dc\u806f\u8868\u793a\u5169\u500b\u985e\u5225\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5b83\u6697\u793a\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u7269\u4ef6\u4e86\u89e3\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u7269\u4ef6\u3002\u9019\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u689d\u9023\u63a5\u5169\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u5be6\u7dda\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u89d2\u8272\u540d\u7a31\uff1a<\/strong> \u7dda\u4e0a\u7684\u6a19\u7c64\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5f9e\u6bcf\u500b\u985e\u5225\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u767c\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u591a\u91cd\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u6578\u5b57\u6216\u7bc4\u570d\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c0..*\uff0c1..1\uff09\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u4ee5\u9023\u7d50\u7684\u5be6\u4f8b\u6578\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u805a\u5408\u8207\u7d44\u5408<\/h3>\n<p>\u805a\u5408\u8207\u7d44\u5408\u90fd\u662f\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u6574\u9ad4\u8207\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u5dee\u7570\u5728\u65bc\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\u8207\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"10\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; text-align: left;\">\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th>\u7279\u5fb5<\/th>\n<th>\u805a\u5408<\/th>\n<th>\u7d44\u5408<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u6240\u6709\u6b0a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u5f31\u6240\u6709\u6b0a<\/td>\n<td>\u5f37\u6240\u6709\u6b0a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u5b58\u5728<\/td>\n<td>\u90e8\u5206\u7121\u6cd5\u5728\u6c92\u6709\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u5b58\u5728<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>UML \u7b26\u865f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u7a7a\u5fc3\u83f1\u5f62<\/td>\n<td>\u5be6\u5fc3\u83f1\u5f62<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u7bc4\u4f8b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u7cfb\u6240\u8207\u6559\u6388<\/td>\n<td>\u623f\u5c4b\u8207\u623f\u9593<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u805a\u5408\uff1a<\/strong>\u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u500b\u5927\u5b78\u53ca\u5176\u5b78\u751f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5927\u5b78\u95dc\u9589\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u95dc\u806f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e26\u975e\u64c1\u6709\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u7a7a\u5fc3\u83f1\u5f62\u4f4d\u65bc\u7dda\u7684\u300c\u6574\u9ad4\u300d\u4e00\u5074\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7d44\u5408\uff1a<\/strong>\u8003\u616e\u4e00\u8f1b\u6c7d\u8eca\u53ca\u5176\u5f15\u64ce\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6c7d\u8eca\u88ab\u6467\u6bc0\uff0c\u5f15\u64ce\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u8a72\u7279\u5b9a\u6c7d\u8eca\u5be6\u4f8b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u751f\u547d\u9031\u671f\u662f\u7d81\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5be6\u5fc3\u83f1\u5f62\u4f4d\u65bc\u300c\u6574\u9ad4\u300d\u4e00\u5074\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u975c\u614b\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u578b\u6a21\u5f0f \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u96d6\u7136\u8a31\u591a\u5efa\u7acb\u578b\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c6c\u65bc\u884c\u70ba\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u5728\u985e\u5716\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u6d89\u53ca\u975c\u614b\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5c6c\u6027\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6a21\u5f0f\u7528\u65bc\u7ba1\u7406\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u55ae\u4f8b\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<p>\u55ae\u4f8b\u6a21\u5f0f\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u50c5\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u5c0d\u8a72\u5be6\u4f8b\u7684\u5168\u57df\u5b58\u53d6\u9ede\u3002\u9019\u5728\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u6216\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u9023\u63a5\u4e2d\u5f88\u5e38\u898b\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7d50\u69cb\uff1a<\/strong> \u5efa\u69cb\u51fd\u5f0f\u70ba\u79c1\u6709\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5916\u90e8\u5efa\u7acb\u5be6\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u5b58\u53d6\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u500b\u975c\u614b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u547d\u540d\u70ba<code>getInstance()<\/code>\uff0c\u50b3\u56de\u55ae\u4e00\u5be6\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5716\u793a\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/strong> \u985e\u5225\u540d\u7a31\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5283\u7dda\u8868\u793a\u975c\u614b\u6210\u54e1\u3002\u5132\u5b58\u5be6\u4f8b\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u70ba\u975c\u614b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7e6a\u88fd\u6642\uff0c\u8acb\u78ba\u4fdd\u5c6c\u6027\u6a19\u793a\u70ba\u975c\u614b\uff08\u4e0b\u5283\u7dda\uff09\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u70ba\u975c\u614b\u3002\u9019\u5728\u8996\u89ba\u4e0a\u8868\u660e\u72c0\u614b\u5c6c\u65bc\u985e\u5225\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7269\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5de5\u5ee0\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<p>\u6b64\u6a21\u5f0f\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5efa\u7acb\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u4ecb\u9762\uff0c\u4f46\u8b93\u5b50\u985e\u5225\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8981\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u7684\u985e\u5225\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8a31\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u5c07\u5be6\u4f8b\u5316\u908f\u8f2f\u59d4\u8a17\u7d66\u5176\u5b50\u985e\u5225\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5efa\u7acb\u8005\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u500b\u5ba3\u544a\u5de5\u5ee0\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u985e\u5225\u6216\u4ecb\u9762\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5177\u9ad4\u5efa\u7acb\u8005\uff1a<\/strong> \u5be6\u4f5c\u5de5\u5ee0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u50b3\u56de\u4e00\u500b\u5177\u9ad4\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u5be6\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7522\u54c1\uff1a<\/strong> \u5275\u5efa\u4e2d\u7684\u4ecb\u9762\u6216\u985e\u5225\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u5716\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u6703\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u500b Creator \u985e\u5225\uff0c\u5176\u65b9\u6cd5\u6703\u8fd4\u56de Product \u4ecb\u9762\u3002\u9019\u4f7f\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u8207\u5177\u9ad4\u985e\u5225\u89e3\u8026\uff0c\u8b93\u7cfb\u7d71\u66f4\u5177\u5f48\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7d50\u69cb\u578b\u6a21\u5f0f\u8207\u4ecb\u9762 \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u7d50\u69cb\u578b\u6a21\u5f0f\u8457\u91cd\u65bc\u985e\u5225\u5982\u4f55\u7d44\u5408\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u4ecb\u9762\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u95dc\u9375\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u5408\u7d04\u800c\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5be6\u4f5c\u7d30\u7bc0\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4ecb\u9762\u5be6\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<p>\u4ecb\u9762\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u4e00\u7d44\u985e\u5225\u5fc5\u9808\u5be6\u4f5c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f37\u5236\u5408\u7d04\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5728 UML \u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u4ee5\u865b\u7dda\u548c\u7a7a\u5fc3\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u6307\u5411\u4ecb\u9762\u4f86\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u95dc\u6ce8\u9ede\u5206\u96e2\uff1a<\/strong> \u4ecb\u9762\u8b93\u60a8\u80fd\u5c07\u300c\u8981\u505a\u4ec0\u9ebc\u300d\u8207\u300c\u8981\u600e\u9ebc\u505a\u300d\u5206\u958b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u591a\u578b\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u591a\u500b\u985e\u5225\u53ef\u4ee5\u5be6\u4f5c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4ecb\u9762\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u5920\u4e92\u76f8\u53d6\u4ee3\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7e6a\u5716\uff1a<\/strong> \u4ecb\u9762\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u65b9\u6846\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u540d\u7a31\u4ee5 &lt;&lt;Interface&gt;&gt; \u6a19\u8a18\u3002\u5be6\u4f5c\u7dda\u5c07\u985e\u5225\u9023\u63a5\u5230\u6b64\u65b9\u6846\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6ce8\u5165<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6ce8\u5165\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u7269\u4ef6\u4e0d\u6703\u81ea\u884c\u5efa\u7acb\u5176\u76f8\u4f9d\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f9e\u5916\u90e8\u4f86\u6e90\u63a5\u6536\u3002\u9019\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e\u8026\u5408\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5efa\u69cb\u5b50\u6ce8\u5165\uff1a<\/strong> \u76f8\u4f9d\u6027\u900f\u904e\u985e\u5225\u7684\u5efa\u69cb\u5b50\u50b3\u905e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8a2d\u5b9a\u5b50\u6ce8\u5165\uff1a<\/strong> \u76f8\u4f9d\u6027\u900f\u904e\u516c\u958b\u7684\u8a2d\u5b9a\u5b50\u65b9\u6cd5\u6307\u6d3e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5716\u793a\u89c0\u9ede\uff1a<\/strong> \u985e\u5225\u4e0d\u518d\u6301\u6709\u5176\u76f8\u4f9d\u6027\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u5be6\u4f8b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6301\u6709\u5c0d\u4ecb\u9762\u7684\u53c3\u8003\u3002\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u5be6\u4f5c\u662f\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u6642\u671f\u624d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6b64\u6a21\u5f0f\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u53ef\u6e2c\u8a66\u6027\u8207\u6a21\u7d44\u5316\u3002\u5728\u5716\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u6703\u770b\u5230\u76f8\u4f9d\u6027\u7bad\u982d\u6307\u5411\u4ecb\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5177\u9ad4\u985e\u5225\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u591a\u91cd\u6027\u8207\u57fa\u6578\u898f\u5247 \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n<p>\u985e\u5225\u5716\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u5f15\u8d77\u6df7\u6dc6\u7684\u4f86\u6e90\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u591a\u91cd\u6027\u3002\u9019\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u5be6\u4f8b\u8207\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u7684\u55ae\u4e00\u5be6\u4f8b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u806f\u6578\u91cf\u3002\u6b63\u78ba\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u91cd\u6027\u80fd\u660e\u78ba\u696d\u52d9\u898f\u5247\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>1:<\/strong> \u50c5\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>0..1:<\/strong> \u96f6\u500b\u6216\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u4f8b\uff08\u53ef\u9078\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>1..*:<\/strong> \u4e00\u500b\u6216\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5be6\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>0..*:<\/strong> \u96f6\u500b\u6216\u591a\u500b\u5be6\u4f8b\uff08\u53ef\u9078\u6e05\u55ae\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>3..5:<\/strong> \u4e09\u5230\u4e94\u500b\u5be6\u4f8b\uff08\u5177\u9ad4\u7d04\u675f\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u500b<code>\u5ba2\u6236<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0b\u591a\u500b<code>\u8a02\u55ae<\/code>\u3002\u5ba2\u6236\u8207\u8a02\u55ae\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u662f1..*\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\u5730\uff0c\u4e00\u500b<code>\u8a02\u55ae<\/code>\u50c5\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e00\u500b<code>\u5ba2\u6236<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8a02\u55ae\u5230\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u662f1\u3002\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u6578\u5b57\u6a19\u793a\u5728\u95dc\u806f\u7dda\u4e0a\u4e26\u975e\u53ef\u9078\uff1b\u9019\u662f\u78ba\u4fdd\u8a2d\u8a08\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u689d\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u53ef\u7dad\u8b77\u6027\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u52d9 \u2705<\/h2>\n<p>\u5275\u5efa\u4e00\u500b\u6e96\u78ba\u7684\u5716\u8868\u662f\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\uff1b\u5275\u5efa\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u7dad\u8b77\u7684\u5716\u8868\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u3002\u9075\u5faa\u9019\u4e9b\u539f\u5247\u53ef\u78ba\u4fdd\u5716\u8868\u9577\u671f\u4fdd\u6301\u5be6\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u9ad8\u5167\u805a\uff0c\u4f4e\u8026\u5408<\/h3>\n<p>\u9019\u662f\u8edf\u9ad4\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u9ec3\u91d1\u6cd5\u5247\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u9ad8\u5167\u805a\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u61c9\u5177\u5099\u55ae\u4e00\u4e14\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u5225\u540c\u6642\u8655\u7406\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u908f\u8f2f\u3001UI \u6e32\u67d3\u8207\u5546\u696d\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u5247\u5176\u904e\u65bc\u8907\u96dc\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f4e\u8026\u5408\uff1a<\/strong> 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PascalCase\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8207\u5c6c\u6027\u4f7f\u7528 camelCase\u3002\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u53ef\u964d\u4f4e\u4efb\u4f55\u95b1\u8b80\u5716\u8868\u8005\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u8ca0\u8377\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u61c9\u907f\u514d\u7684\u5e38\u898b\u9677\u9631 \u26a0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u7d93\u9a57\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u5e2b\u4e5f\u6703\u72af\u932f\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u9677\u9631\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u4f60\u512a\u5316\u4f60\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5faa\u74b0\u4f9d\u8cf4\uff1a<\/strong> \u985e\u5225A\u4f9d\u8cf4\u985e\u5225B\uff0c\u800c\u985e\u5225B\u53c8\u4f9d\u8cf4\u985e\u5225A\u3002\u9019\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u5faa\u74b0\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u53ef\u900f\u904e\u4ecb\u9762\u6216\u4e2d\u9593\u985e\u5225\u4f86\u6253\u7834\u6b64\u5faa\u74b0\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u904e\u5ea6\u8a2d\u8a08\uff1a<\/strong> 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